Understanding African Union suspends Madagascar military … — African Union Suspends Madagascar Following Military Takeover
The African Union (AU) has suspended Madagascar following a military-led takeover of the island nation. The move comes after the army assumed power in the wake of parliament’s vote to impeach President Andry Rajoelina. Colonel Michael Randrianirina, commander of the elite Capsat army unit, is set to be sworn in as president.
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Political Unrest and Military Intervention
Madagascar has been experiencing significant political turmoil in recent years. The recent crisis escalated after widespread protests and parliament’s decision to impeach President Andry Rajoelina. The Capsat army unit seized power shortly after the impeachment vote, leading to the current suspension by the African Union. This marks the latest instance of a former French colony in Africa falling under military control since 2020, joining nations like Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Gabon, and Guinea.
Colonel Michael Randrianirina, designated as the new president by the top court, stated his intention to oversee a transition to civilian leadership within two years. This transition is expected to include restructuring major institutions and holding elections within an 18 to 24-month timeframe. Randrianirina has indicated that consultations are underway to appoint a prime minister and form a new government. The transition will be supervised by a committee comprised of officers from the army, gendarmerie, and police.
International Response and Concerns
The military takeover in Madagascar has prompted international concern and condemnation. The African Union swiftly suspended the island nation “with immediate effect.” The United Nations expressed deep concern over the “unconstitutional change of power.” France emphasized the importance of upholding democracy, fundamental freedoms, and the rule of law. Germany called for caution from all actors involved in the “somewhat confusing situation.” Russia urged restraint and the prevention of bloodshed.
The security body of the regional Southern African Development Community (SADC), which Rajoelina was heading as rotating president, also voiced its concerns. These international reactions highlight the widespread apprehension regarding the stability and future of Madagascar under military leadership.
Reactions within Madagascar
Despite the uncertainty, the capital city of Antananarivo remained relatively calm following the military’s assumption of power. A concert was held at the Place du 13 Mai square, a location that had previously witnessed clashes between protesters, armed vehicles, and security forces. The youth-led Gen Z movement, which initiated the protests on September 25 due to water and energy shortages that later evolved into broader discontent with the political elite, has welcomed Randrianirina’s intervention.
The Gen Z movement stated that Randrianirina had expressed his willingness to engage in dialogue with the youth. They reiterated their calls for systemic change within the country. Some Malagasy citizens expressed relief at Rajoelina’s departure. For example, an entrepreneur from Antsiranana said it felt like being “released from prison.” She hoped that Rajoelina’s successor would learn from his mistakes.
Randrianirina’s Background and Future Plans
Colonel Michael Randrianirina has been a vocal critic of Andry Rajoelina’s administration for a long time. He was reportedly imprisoned for several months in 2023 for allegedly plotting a coup. This background adds context to his recent actions and his stated commitment to leading a transition towards civilian rule. The military rulers announced that Randrianirina will be sworn in as president of the “refoundation of the Republic of Madagascar” during a formal hearing of the high constitutional court on October 17.
The situation in Madagascar remains fluid. Randrianirina’s plans for the transition to civilian leadership, the composition of the new government, and the restructuring of major institutions are all factors that will shape the country’s future. The international community will be closely monitoring developments to ensure a return to constitutional order and the protection of democratic principles.
Conclusion
The African Union’s suspension of Madagascar underscores the gravity of the military takeover. The coming weeks and months will be crucial in determining the trajectory of the nation’s political future. The actions taken by Colonel Randrianirina, the response of the Malagasy people, and the continued engagement of the international community will be pivotal in navigating this period of uncertainty and ensuring a stable and democratic future for Madagascar.
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